Who Must Fast? Islamic Rules for Fasting
Fiqh of Fasting in Ramadan: Obligations, Exemptions, and Children's Practice
Summary
This lecture discusses Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) related to fasting (sawm) during Ramadan, specifically addressing who is obligated to fast and exemptions. The speaker covers rulings on accountability using the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad that lifts the pen of accountability from three types of people: the insane until they recover, the sleeping until they awaken, and children until they reach puberty. The lecture emphasizes that guardians should encourage children to practice fasting when able, and discusses exemptions for the sick and travelers, who can make up missed fasts on other days. The teaching references Quranic verses and authenticated hadith collections including Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim.
Note: This transcript was generated using YouTube's automatic captioning, with AI-assisted cleanup for readability. It may contain inaccuracies due to background noise, audio quality, or limitations of the transcription software — particularly during Arabic recitation. Listener discretion is advised; please refer to the original video for precise wording.
من الشيطان الرجيم الله لا اله الا هو الاش.
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بسم الله.
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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم الحمد لله والصلاه والسلام على رسول الله واشهد ان لا اله الا الله واشهد ان محمدا عبده ورسوله اللهم صل وسلم وبارك على نبينا محمد وعلى اله واصحابه اجمعين اما بعد كتاب الوجيز في فقه السنه والكتاب العزيز.
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الاسلام والعقل والبلوغ والصحه والاقامه personم accidences theidence knowledge معرفه الله ومعرفه رسوله ومعرفه دين الاسلام بالادله and withidences and so person has knowledge of something knowledge of Allah knowledge of messenger knowledge of theigion of isl once they have heard and underst theidence for that theidence.
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سنه شهر رمضان الذي انزل فيه القران سوره البقره.
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يقول اما عدم وجوبه على غير العاقل البالغ فلقوله صلى الله عليه وسلم رفع القلم عن ثلاثه عن المجنون حتى يفيق وعن النائم حتى يستيقظ وعن الصبي حتى يحتلم رواه الترمذي الحافظ الترمذي رحمه الله هريره صلى الله عليه upon tyes of people the what is the of accountability the proverbial the that what a persones or doesn't do will be by the angels and a person toished based on what wr this is prop صلى الله عليه وسلم عن المجنون حتى يفيق وعن النائم حتى يستيق وعن الصبي حتى يحتلم tyes of people person who is l their person who is under the age of puberty the person who is sleeping the of accountability has been lifted from upon these people until these three states of being are no longer هسا ويستحب لولي الصبي ان يامره بالصيام متى اطاقه ليتمرن عليه اقتداء بفعل الصحابه رضي الله عنهم بصبيانهم Soon as the child is able to, as soon as the child has the ability to fast, the child's guardian should start to teach the child fasting in order that the child you know get used to it and have it be something that the child has practiced prior to reaching the age of puberty so we don't wait 11 12 years الله يقول عن الربيع بنت معوذ رضي الله عنها قالت ارسل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم غداه عاش عاشوراء الى قرى الانصار من اصبح مفطرا فليتم بقيه يومه ومن اصبح صائما فليصم قالت فكنا نصومه بعد ونصوم صبياننا ونجعل لهم اللعبه من العهن العهن يعني الصوف فاذا بكى احدهم على الطعام اعطيناه ذاك حتى يكون عند الافطار الحديث عند البخاري ومسلم الربيع بنت معذ رضي الله عنها صلى الله عليه وسلم عاشوراج عاشو عاشو 10 محرم timeers whoen this morning this areable صلى الله عليه وسلم الربيع رضي الله عنها عاشو have our fast as well and we command our children to fast and we would fion for them toys stuffed animals made out of wool and we would have them ready and so if the children would start to cry for food or complain of hunger we would give عنهم ages they able to understand fasting was and to their fast even if theyly uncforable by this this narration has been collected by both and musl ان ذا اي ساز واما عدم وجوبه على غير الصحيح المقيم فلقوله تعالى ومن كان مريضا او على سفر فعده من ايام اخر فان صام المريض والمسافر اجزاءهما لان اباحه الفطر لهما رخصه فان اخذ بالعزيمه فهو خير ان اخذ بالعزيمه يعني بالوجوب ان اخذ بالعزيمه يعني وصام حتى ولو كان معذورين فهو خير الله 184 الله سبحانه وتعالى as those who are any is on trav inav on jy they are to make those days up from following days he says but if the person who is ill and the person who is traveling if these if the sick person the traveler do happ to fast it is acceptable because for them it is allowance they are allowed to break their fast they don't have to and so if they choose to fast that is permissible so we will stop there and tomorrow we will prefering نسال الله سبحانه وتعالى ان يعلمنا ما ينفعنا وان ينفعنا بما علمنا وان يزيدنا علما والله اعلم وصلى الله وسلم على نبينا محمد وعلى اله واصحابه اجمعين.