When is fasting no longer obligatory?

Mind here that Zad al Maad is written in a way that is very different or somewhat different than the other books that may refer to these subjects. So, he's written this book and it has a cluster of all kinds of things about the prophet So, it issues of issues of history and issues of medicine, issue, anything that has to do with the prophet so he's written this book in a way that the companions would have understood and seen and looked at the prophet what do I mean by that? The scholars of Fiq, when they went to take worship, take particular issues in order to be able to understand and in order for them to be able to teach it in a way that is definite, definitive, meaning that, this is what makes this is the bare minimum, this is the extra, this is preferable. So, they separate rated and categorized different things into different categories. We have the conditions, we have the pillars, we have obligations, we have things that are preferable, we have things that invalidate, things that are prohibited, things that are disliked and discouraged, etcetera. So, we can make a list. How do we come up with this? Well, we examine the examined all of the narrations all of the verses, everything having to do with that particular act of worship and look for these patterns that kind of make themselves obvious and manifest themselves in such in such a practice and this is what is referred to as a subble, a subtle in the science of fif or is that an individual takes all of the verses, all of the narrations that they have and They put them all together and then start to look for patterns The companions most of the time would not differentiate in their actions and in their ad herence would not differentiate between something obligatory and if the prophet did it, we will do it. Right? Yes, the of the companions, the Mufteen, of the Companions, Abu Huraira, Ibn Abbas, Ibn Omar, Abdullah, Ibn Omar, Ibn Omar, Abdullah, Ibn Masroud, etcetera. They knew these categorizations and they alluded to them. However, when they would hear something or see something that the prophet did, they would do it. When he would not do something or discourage it, they would leave it alone. So he authored his book in this way. Very little do we find that he differentiates between that which is that which is Mustahab. He just mentions. The prophet used to pray this. This is how he prayed. This is what he did. We don't find that categorization. Because again the subject of the book and the topic of the book is not the fiq. necessarily a book of filk in the traditional sense. It's a book about the prophet But in order for us to understand these chapters properly, we have to go through this categorization in order to be able to understand and retain what it is we are learning To make sure that we're able to differentiate between for instance, fasting, a fast which is acceptable, a fast which is preferable, a fast which is invalid, etcetera. In order for us to know where we stand with regards to these issues. So, the scholars have all agreed that fasting is obligatory upon an individual that has six conditions, six traits. The first is that a person is Muslim. What does that mean Muslim? Does this mean that Islam's obligations are only obligatory upon Muslims? That non Muslims are not obliged to and compelled to follow the Quran and Sunnah. Yes, of course they are. All of is. The prophet was sent to everybody and everybody is obliged to follow his command. But what the scholars mean when they say fasting is obligatory upon Muslims. It doesn't mean that non Muslims are not obliged to fast. What it means is that non Muslims are not commanded to fast. At first the first thing they're commanded to do is accept the slim, right? Then, we will tell them about prayer. Then, we will tell them about zakah. Then, we will tell them about fasting. We don't come to them and say, well, at least fast. No. At least pray. You have to. Establish that, worship, on a bedrock, and a foundation of Muhammad or Rasulullah. So, Allah Wa Salam. So, when we say, it is obligatory upon Muslims. What is meant is they are commanded immediately to fast. Whereas someone who is not entered Islam is first commanded to enter Islam, right? The second is that a person is sane and we discussed what is meant by sanity in the legislative sense. Al Which is a person who is a pubescent age. And we discussed what the age of puberty is. We said the latest is 15 years old. And there are other traits that a person may exhibit. That articulate that a person has reached the age of puberty and we discuss that. The next is someone who is healthy and not ill and that's what we'll discuss tonight inshallah. We also discussed Al Mukim, somebody who is a resident and not a traveler and we mention the opinion of Ibn ul Kaim, the opinion of Sheikh Al Islam, the way of the companions for the most part in understanding traveling, and that is that traveling is when a person is not a resident and when a person is a he is not traveling. So a person as long as they are in a land that they are not living and residing in. They don't have a house, they don't have, you know, they don't live there. Then, the individual is a traveler. A person is passing through, they're staying in a hotel, they're staying in this person is a traveler. A person goes for Omrah. And they're staying in a hotel. Are they a resident there? No. They are a traveler. And so the rulings travel, apply to that, to them. If they were to rent an apartment and stay there if they were to, do the things which would make a person a resident, then now they will have the ruling of a person who is a resident. Say, well, I lived there for a while, right? Even if it's only two or 3 months, then, I'm living there but if a person is passing through then, a person is not considered to be a resident. Therefore, they are a traveler, right? What constitutes travel? What constitutes travel is that a person have the intention of traveling and leave the boundaries of their city? That is what traveling is. There's a narration. And I believe that left Baghdad had left his city, capital city in Iraq. excuse me.

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And as they reach the outskirts of the city right? As they reach the outskirts of the city, they passed by a a is a hut. A hut. What we call in in follow you know in Palestine dialect is right? A little hut. A small and he said he said, when they reached this part of the the the town, they were on their way out and then they stopped for salah and he saw a small hut for one of the people living on the outskirts of the city and he said, had it not been for this hut, we would have, joined our prayers. What does that mean? It means that this hut is part of the city. So, he didn't leave the city yet until he passes that. This is how A who understood that? And so, when is a person travelling? Let's take a an example from where we are here, right? Let's say I want to travel. would I join my prayers before I leave my house? No. I can break my fast before I leave my house. That's a different topic. Fasting and and prayer have two different rulings in this regard. But I would still make my prayer on time and not join the prayers and I would make them in full. But let's say now I get on the highway and I leave the boundaries of Chicago area right? Now, I'm traveling. Once I leave those boundaries. Now, I will shorten my prayers and I will join my prayers. Even if I'm only a few miles out of the boundaries of my city. That's not what's important. What's important is that I've left my city with the intention of traveling and the destination in mind is a destination that would constitute travel, right? Now, I will shorten my prayers regardless of the of the So, some of the scholars and the different they mention eighty kilometers, 90 kilometers. However, mentioning a particular distance is for the most part, not very precise. Why? Because if a person is at 79 kilometers or at 78 kilometers, with a person at 80 kilometers, one kilometer ahead of them, they can see them right? On a clear date, that person would shorten his prayers and the person at 79 kilometers would pray in full? No. Right? They're all traveling. So, the point here is that traveling is based on the intention and leaving the boundaries of, the boundaries of the city, right? That is traveling. The sixth and final characteristic of a person who needs to fast, applies only to women, only to females, and that is that they not be in a state of menstruation or postpartum. Postpartum administration is all the same ruling and all of except in three issues and this is not one of those three issues. Right? So, postpartum and menstruation, they go hand in hand in all issues of except for three issues. Fasting is not one of them. So, if woman is on menstruation or she's in her cycle or having postpartum which is after giving birth in Nephas. Then, she is exempted from fasting and she would make up her fasting. So, this is these are the tight, this is the kind of person whom fasting is obligatory upon. Right? So, let's mention them. There's six. Five for men and six for females. Number one, a person is Muslim. We mention what that means Number two, that they are sane. We discussed that. Number three, that the person is, is of pubescent age. Right? And we said the latest, the person will reach is 15 years old. That's the absolute latest. Number four, is that a person is healthy? Number 5, that a person is a resident. And number six, which applies only to females that there not be any in a state of menstruation or postpartum, right? Now What is meant by a that a person is is healthy. Does any of us have 100 percent health all the time? No. Right? unless you're a young man or unless you're right, we're going to have some, you know, the older you get, the more you start to feel that but the point is, is that and you know, I'm not that old but I've definitely felt it and the point is is that person is not at 100% health. What's meant why health is that a person is not affected by fasting? That's what meant, what's meant to my health here in this context? Let's say I have some kind of rash. Am I at 100% health? No. Am I healthy to where fasting is obligatory? Yes. Right? Because I need to put some cream on this rash or something that. It doesn't affect my fast. If I fast or if I don't fast, it will be the same result with regards to that particular ailment, right? However, there's three instances What's meant by health is health with regards to fasting. So, when the scholars say, fasting is obligatory upon those who are of health. It means that your fast will not affect that particular issue, right? That's what's meant. It's important for us to understand that. Now, The same thing would go for Hajj for instance, right? Hajj is obligatory upon a person who is able. What does that mean? That means your Hajj will not will not affect your health. You won't get more sick or not become better or what have you. This is what's meant by health. So, each category has its different categorization. So, there's three instances in which fasting would not be obligatory. Now, notice the wording I'm saying, obligatory, binding, wedge. Meaning, if you If you break your fast, then you are being sinful. You're not doing something that is obligatory but it doesn't mean that you can't fast, okay? Just someone who is traveling. It doesn't mean that they can't fast. It just means it's not wedge. If it's not obligatory, okay? If a person has an ailment, an illness, excuse me. If a person has an ailment, an illness, and if they fast, it will either one make them more ill. Number two, it will stop them from healing. Or number three, they have to take some medicine that would break their fast for this illness. This person is not considered to be of of health to where fasting is obligatory. Right? So, three three things. Number one, the person will become more sick, more ill by fasting. It will hurt them. Number two, their recovery will be delayed. Because of fasting. Or number three, they have to take some kind of medicine or something. Even if it's food. Right? That makes a person break their fast. and if they don't take this thing, it will either make them more sick or it will delay their recovery. These three things exempt a person from having to fast. Let's talk about the first one. Let's review them real quick. I want to make sure these things are sticking. Number one, the person what's the first one? They become more sick by fasting. Number two, come on guys. I know em. I want you guys to know. Their recovery will be delayed. Number three. They're they have to take something that would break their fast this this this would either delay their recovery or make them more sick, right? So, three things. So, let's discuss the first one. We said the first one was, It will increase their illness. What's that mean? Well, let's say a person has something like of a very well-known one like diabetes for instance, right? Okay, diabetes is an an interesting thing because So, certain days, you might find that you're able to fast and other days, it.

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Will be harmful if you fast, right?

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Insulin, does insulin, insulin shot? Does that break your fast? Huh? No. Is insulin food? Is it food? Does it nourish? No. Doesn't break your fast. The only thing that breaks your fast is something that takes the place of food. What takes the place of food? an IV, right? An IV that you does vitamins or a vaccine take the place of food? Does nicotine patch take the place of food? Does a suppository take the place of food A suppository is medicine that's inserted via the rectum. From this, we take that, yes, smoking breaks your fast, right? Because it goes into the So, when we say you have to take medicine, we're speaking about medicine that would break your fast, So, if a person has something diabetes and they're able to have Sahul and not be affected by their fast that particular day, then, they fast and if they're unable to fast that particular day, something comes up where they need to break their fast, they break their fast, right? We have number one, a person is hurt by his fasting. If you are hurt, if you fast and it will physically hurt you, it will hurt you in the, in the sense of, it will make you.

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Sick Then it is haram for a person to fast in this case. Right? If a person were to fast and it would be detrimental to their health to fast, then, it is haram for them to fast, okay? Let's say Number two, if a person has an ailment and and illness or an ailment, if they have an illness and fasting delays their recovery. Our brother brought up an interesting one which is the flu. That's an interesting illness because when a person has a fever, when a person has all of these symptoms of a flu, right? If they fast, they could probably make it through the day and they won't be more sick. However, it will delay their recovery, correct? Because if you have an fever, if you have an illness the flu, you treat the symptoms, you have to drink water, you have to eat, you have to do these things too. Hasten your recovery. So, if a person If they fast, it will delay their recovery, then they don't have to fast But is it permissible for them to fast? Yes. Is it better for them to fast? Well, that depends on the situation. And depends on the severity of the illness, etcetera. But in general, it is better for them to to not fast, and hasten their recovery. Number three, if they need something, the fasting doesn affect their health. It doesn't affect their illness. It doesn't increase their illness or delay their recovery but what happens? They have to take something for another illness that's not included and this thing constitutes that they break their fast. some kind of pills that they have to take or something of that sort. Then they do not have to fast in that case. they do not have to fast in that case. Now, So, as we're discussing these things, it's right Ramadan is right around the corner and these things are going to come into play very soon for all of us. If anyone has anything that they don't understand and that's in general, in all the classes that we always mention, if you have a question or you didn't understand what I have mentioned, then, you should ask immediately as we're going through the class inshallah. So, these are the this is the criteria for a person to for a for it to be obligatory upon a person to fast. The same thing goes with traveling. If a person travels and fasts and fasting makes them sick while they're traveling, is it permissible for them to fast? No, it is not permissible. The man, Cana, Mughman Alaihi, Min, Harashemsi women, Anna,.

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Intensity of the heat, none of us was fasting on that day except for the messenger of Allah. And Abdullah, Ibn Rawaha So, we understand from this that fasting is permissible while you are traveling but it is not obligatory. Even if a person is fine, they don't find any hardship in fasting. Whatsoever. While they're traveling, they still have the the permissive permission to break their fast. However, is it better for them to fast or better for them to break their fast? If it is not harmful. It's better for them to fast. Why? Because fasting during Ramadan with the rest of the Muslims all together is obviously better. Plus the time is a virtuous time. Right? Now. Now, fasting has two pillars. We've mentioned now the criteria upon whom does fasting is fasting binding, obligatory? We mention six traits, right? Let's mention them. Number one, Muslim, number two, Well, let's not go in out of order because we're going to get confused. Number two, number one, Muslim. Number two, sane, sanity. Number three, puberty. Number four, health. Number 5, resident, and number six, a person for females that they're not in a state of menstruation or postpartum and we said, what's meant by health is that fasting does not make you more sick or delay your recovery or number three. That you have to take something that would otherwise break your fast, okay? So, we've mentioned some things that common and we will get into what will break your fast in a in a few inshallah. themselves. 9 minutes. Okay. I thought she said it was nine o'clock. Alright. I forgot my glasses. I can't see anything. The pillars of fasting. Rokinani. A And Yum Sika and Al Mufturat. Men Ulu Al Fajari, Ila, Rayab Shamsi.

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And they don't know if Ramadan is tomorrow morning, right? They didn't hear. They don't know. And they didn't have an intention to fast. And they woke up at fajr. But they woke up after the of fajr. Did they have to make up that day? Yes. Right? Okay? Let's say an individual says, I'm not sure if tomorrow is Ramadan, if tomorrow is Ramadan, then I plan to fast and then they wake up at fajr. Is that going to be valid? Yes. Then no The prophet said, whoever has not made the conscious intention to fast before fajr, then their fast is not, is not valid, is not complete. The second thing that will break a person's, the second thing, the second pillar of fasting is that an individual refrain from the things that break their fast. From the break of dawn, from until the sunset. Okay? Those are the two pillars of fasting. Easy. Salah has 14 pillars, right? Fasting has two pillars. Now, what are the things that break a person's fast? You can memorize them. They are six things. Six things that will break your fast. Anything outside of these thick six things that we are going to mention will not. will not break your fast, okay? So, you will know based on these things that your fast is valid or is not valid. The first thing is eating or drinking. Bahada A Al Qa Al Was saddest. Al Jimah.

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Break a person's fast. This will break a person's fast and that issue of knowingly goes through all of the issues of the things that will break a person's fast as we'll get into inshallah. Except for menstruation and postpartum. The third thing, those are two things, right? Eating or drinking or anything that takes their place or anything that goes in the way that they go and we'll mention that next week. The third thing is making yourself self-induced vomiting. If you vomit because you're sick, it doesn't break your fast. But if you make yourself vomit, then it will break your fast. For and five is menstruation and postpartum and number six is intercourse and again, purposefully and we will expound upon these next week inshallah.

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