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Muslim Community Center of Tucson
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January 3, 2026·Rajab 14, 1447 AH·7:43 PM·25m·Saturday-Isha

Why Pharaoh's Disobedience Led to Destruction

Tafsir of Surah Al-Muzammil Verses 17-18: Understanding Taqwa and Divine Protection

surah al-muzammiltaqwatafsirday of judgmentobedience to allahdivine protectionpharaohmessengers
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Summary

This is a detailed Quranic exegesis (tafsir) focusing on Surah Al-Muzammil, verses 17-18. The speaker discusses Allah's sending of messengers as witnesses to nations, using the example of Pharaoh's disobedience and the consequences thereof. The primary focus is on explaining the concept of 'Taqwa' (often translated as fear of Allah), clarifying that it encompasses much more than fear alone—it represents obedience to Allah's commandments and refraining from His prohibitions as a means of protection from His punishment. The speaker emphasizes that only Allah can provide protection on the Day of Judgment, a day so terrifying that even infants will have their hair turn white from fear.

Transcript

Note: This transcript was generated using YouTube's automatic captioning, with AI-assisted cleanup for readability. It may contain inaccuracies due to background noise, audio quality, or limitations of the transcription software — particularly during Arabic recitation. Listener discretion is advised; please refer to the original video for precise wording.

Alhamdulillah.

[Silence]

Continuing in Zmed we concluded last night verses number 15 and 16. Now verse number 17 is connected to the two previous verses. It builds on that. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, "Indeed, we have sent to you all a messenger as to you all a messenger as a witness upon you, just as we have sent to Pharaoh, a messenger." And Pharaoh proceeded to disobey the messenger. And so we took him with or we overtook him or we engulfed him with a very heavy and grave punishment for his disobedience. This is exactly the meaning of the prophet sallall.aii wasallam's statement. Listen to what your prophet says. He said,.

[Silence]

The prophet sallall.aii alaihi wasallam said every single person from my the here is meaning anyone whom the prophet is sent to whether they accept Islam or they reject it they are considered generally speaking of his nation meaning they are his responsibility he is their messenger. They are his nation. So everyone that you've ever met, everyone that I've ever met, all of us going back to the time of the prophet sallall.aii wasallam, anyone who existed from the moment he received to the last human being taking his drawing his final breath. All of these people are considered what? Sai wasallam they're considered to be of his nation. He says everyone of my nation will enter paradise except for those who refuse to go. That's very bizarre thing. Who would refuse to go to paradise? So the companions they understood that this is very strange. So they said who who would refuse to go to paradise he says he said whoever obeys me will enter paradise and whoever disobys me he has refused to go. He has refused to go. Now this disobedience here is either general complete disobedience or partial disobedience. A Muslim may have partial disobedience. Meaning they know what's expected of them but they fall short. But essential disobedience, complete and utter disobedience is the disobedience that is discussed here in this verse. Pharaoh disobeyed that messenger. That disobedience means entirely he refused to obey him in belief, in speech, in action. He he refused him entirely. And so this is a type of disbelief. This is considered to be disbelief that comes as a result of utter defiance of utter defiance. Kind of the disobedience of thatl refused and was arrogant and he was then of the disbelievers. So after having said this, Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says in the following verse which is built on these two verses for.

[Silence]

Allah says, "So how will you then protect yourselves if you if you disbelieve this statement?" So fell here means if that is the case, if the case is that we sent to Pharaoh a messenger and he disobeyed the messenger and we've sent now to you all a messenger and you've disobeyed the messenger, then how is it do you plan to protect and shield yourselves from the wrath of a day that will render even infants white-haired from its horrors. What is a tawa in the Arabic language? Huh? Protection. A little bit, but you could do a little better. Huh? a shield maybe. Right. A tawa comes from al what is al is a shield.

[Silence]

In the Arabic language comes from the root word which is a shield to something that a person uses they put between themselves and something that harms them. This is called a and Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala tells us in that of his great blessings he has given us and imparted upon us the knowledge to be able to design for ourselves clothing that will protect us and shield us from the heat and clothing that will shield us from the violence of one another. Right? armor. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala uses this word throughout the Quran. And that is he says that the guide that the Quran is the epitome of guidance for those who are people who seek to shield themselves. What does that mean? people that seek to shield themselves, meaning shield themselves from the punishment of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. Allah says, Allah says, "Shield yourselves from the fire." And Allah teaches us to make the dua. So shield us from the fire. What is a tawa? A tawa is a state of being, right? It's an action. Let me ask you a question. What is who is the only one that can save you from Allah? Huh? Allah himself. Anyone else? It is only Allah that can save you from himself. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says, "Flee all of you and run to Allah." Meaning, "Run from Allah to Allah." Listen to what the prophet sallall.aii wasallam says in his dua. Oh Allah, I seek refuge in your pleasure from your anger. And I seek refuge in your pardon, from your from your retribution. And I seek refuge in you, from you. There is no protection nor any place of salvation that will save someone from you except with you. So the only one that can protect you from Allah is Allah. The only one that can protect you from the fire is Allah. How do we earn Allah's protection? Tell me. Huh? Well, that's the word that we're trying to define. Use a different word.

[Arabic recitation]

The only way he's going. That's the only way you earn his protection. Correct? So, the scholars have defined in the Quran. Listen to their definition. Listen to this definition. They say tawa is that a person obtain a shield for himself from the punishment of Allah by fulfilling his commandments and refraining from his prohibitions. The more intense your obedience is, the more stout and robust that shield will be from Allah's punishment. And the more flimsy that a person's obedience is of Allah, the more flimsy their shield from Allah's from Allah's punishment. And so when Allah says, does it just mean fear? Often it's it's translated as that. But that translation is a bit deficient, isn't it? Because him.

[Silence]

So when we say fear of Allah, fear Allah, this isn't really a translation. This isn't really a tap. This is one of the one of the necessary components of tawa because you would only seek to shield yourself from something if you're afraid of it. Therefore, they call it fear. But really, it's much more it's much more broad than that, fear. So a tawa really is obedience of Allah that results in being shielded from Allah's punishment being delivered protected from Allah's punishment. So here the word tawa is being used in a linguistic sense meaning how then do you all plan on shielding yourselves from Allah's punishment if you disbelieve in him on a day that is so horrific so terrifying so encompassing in its horrors that even infants will be rendered gray-haired from the horrors of that day. What is your plan? How do you plan to do that? The only one that can protect you from that is Allah. And you've disbelieved in him. Therefore, what is your plan in protecting yourself? Even infants who can't comprehend anything will comprehend enough of the horrors of the day of judgment that their hair will turn white. Allah subhanahu wa'ta'ala that subhanahua.

[Silence]

He's saying that it is a day when even infants their hair their hair will turn white from the the fear that will engulf the hearts of man on the day of judgment. Even an infant an infant doesn't comprehend really fear, does it? You guys have kids. You had to teach your kids that fire was hot, didn't you? You had to teach them to not walk on balconies without railings. You had to teach them things that they were not naturally afraid of, but they will be naturally afraid of the day of judgment. So here Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala poses a rhetorical question. He says, "How do you plan to protect yourselves? How do you plan to shield yourselves from the horrors of a day that only Allah can save you from and you've disbelieved in him?" And so this is the question that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala posits to every human being, every one of us. Can you imagine a day that is so horrific that infant's hair will turn white from grief and fear? Do you think on that day you can turn to your buddy and say, "Give me one hassa. Just give me one." Okay, you're going to make it. I'm not going to make it. I need one hass to just tip my scales and make it to paradise. Can you please spare one hass? Do you think they're going to give you that one hass? Huh? infants hair are turning white from the fear of that day. Where is this hass this magic hassa going to come from? Or if you say to your best friend, your confidant, the person who would die for you in this life, in the next life, listen, my scales of sin are a little bit too heavy. If I just take off one sin, one sin, I will make it out of the hellfire. You are clearly going to make it. Please just take this one sin off my hands. Are they going to take that off your hands? Absolutely not. Nobody wants that. That is the day when only good deeds are going to have any worth and only sins are going to be truly feared. the day of judgment. And so a person can accumulate wealth in this world. A person can, you know, sit back and fantasize about how they've got it all worked out. But truly, if that is the fear that takes people's hearts on the day of judgment, none of us is safe. The only safety we can have is in Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. And for this reason, if a person understands this deeply, Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala has promised that one of the seven types of people that Allah will give shade to on the day of judgment when there's no shade but his. One of them is A man who thinks or remembers Allah in private and his eyes swell with tears. Why? Because every one of those tears is a prayer. A prayer only to Allah saying, "Ya Allah, please I have no one but you." Now, if that is the person's heart, then Allah will protect him. But if the person's heart is looking to a prophet to protect him, looking to a an angel to protect him, looking to the grave of a saint to protect him, or I'm going to get on our prophet Muhammad's good side and he's going to protect me on the day of judgment, you've got a very big problem waiting for you. Why? Because even our prophet Muhammad sallallah.aii wasallam, what did he say to his daughter, most beloved? You're not He's not going to love you more than he loves Abu Bakr. He's not going to love you more than he loves. He's not going to love you or me more than he loves Fatima. What did he say to He said, "Oh Fatima, daughter of.

[Arabic recitation]

Ask of my wealth. Whatever you want, I'll give it to you. if I can, but I can't help you with Allah. That's something you have to do. You have to earn that from Allah. You have to ask that from Allah. And so Allah doesn't give us details. These are some of the first details of the day of judgment that the prophet Muhammad is receiving. Remember this is the third chapter. Remember that the most eloquent of speakers, the most eloquent of speech is speech which creates in the listener what first? We mentioned it last night.

[Arabic recitation]

It is speech that cur creates curiosity first and then fills in the blanks here and there. And that's why in some verses, in some chapters, Allah speaks about the fire. And in others, he speaks about the fear. And in others, he speaks about the depths of the hellfire. In others, he speaks about the attitude of the people of hell. Filling in those that curiosity slowly slowly until a person has an overwhelming an overwhelming depiction of paradise and hell. and the hereafter in his mind. So, of course, now a person's reaction, a sane man's reaction to such a description, a day when infants will be rendered white-haired, he says, what a sane man's reaction would be, I choose Allah. Tell me, tell me how. Tell me how. So what do I do? How do I get how do I earn Allah's protection? He says he says this Quran is merely a what these verses is are merely a reminder. So we are now directed back to the Quran which we will tie these verses back to this one inshallah in the coming gatherings inshallah.

[Arabic recitation]

You might figure that out? Start. Okay.